Difference between revisions of "A concept video and Alan Kay talk at WWDC '90 (VPRI 358)"
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+ | == A concept video on the world with digital agents == | ||
<note for='00:00:31'> | <note for='00:00:31'> | ||
The Wikipedia page of the movie. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hunchback_of_Notre_Dame_(1923_film)]. | The Wikipedia page of the movie. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hunchback_of_Notre_Dame_(1923_film)]. | ||
The novel is available on Project Gutenberg, etc. [http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2610]. | The novel is available on Project Gutenberg, etc. [http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2610]. | ||
</note> | </note> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:00:31'> | + | <subtitle id='00:00:31'>1923 Lon Chaney's brilliant characterization of Quasimodo in [The] Hunchback of Notre Dame played on the audiences tendency to stereotype. To prejudge individuals,</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:00:42'>According to their appearance rather than understand them for who they really were.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:00:42'>According to their appearance rather than understand them for who they really were.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:00:53'> | + | <subtitle id='00:00:53'>Stop. Dictate. It's been nearly a century since the Hunchback of Notre Dame horrified audiences in the silent movie houses.</subtitle> |
− | <subtitle id='00:01:02'>But have attitudes changed much in 95 years or do we still judge far too quickly the content by the cover | + | <subtitle id='00:01:02'>But have attitudes changed much in 95 years or do we still judge far too quickly the content by the cover?</subtitle> |
− | <subtitle id='00:01:22'> | + | <subtitle id='00:01:22'>Ugh!, where do we go from here?</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:01:29'>Show me writer's block. The current project is untitled.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:01:29'>Show me writer's block. The current project is untitled.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:01:35'>Continue. You may wish to review your outline, explore the suggestion box, or | + | <subtitle id='00:01:35'>Continue. You may wish to review your outline, explore the suggestion box, or view great writers' methods. Sometimes a short break helps to stimulate ideas.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:01:45'>Perhaps you'd enjoy a pleasant walk.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:01:45'>Perhaps you'd enjoy a pleasant walk.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:01:47'> | + | <subtitle id='00:01:47'>[giggle] No, it's not that bad yet. Um, show me the outline.</subtitle> |
− | <subtitle id='00:01:53'>Your next heading is: | + | <subtitle id='00:01:53'>Your next heading is: Technology's Impact on Attitudes Toward People With Disabilities.</subtitle> |
− | <subtitle id='00:01:58'>The subheading is | + | <subtitle id='00:01:58'>The subheading is The Catalyst for Change.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:02:01'>Okay, I need some examples. Where can we go for information about how attitudes and expectations have changed toward people with disability in the last, say, 15 or 20 years?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:02:01'>Okay, I need some examples. Where can we go for information about how attitudes and expectations have changed toward people with disability in the last, say, 15 or 20 years?</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:02:14'>I have a list of consultants who provide data excerpts and related areas. There is also a media index called capabilities enhancement.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:02:14'>I have a list of consultants who provide data excerpts and related areas. There is also a media index called capabilities enhancement.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:02:14'>Good. Show me the index. | + | <subtitle id='00:02:14'>Good. Show me the index. Hold the list.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:02:31'>Didn't you guys just finish an entire box of cookies?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:02:31'>Didn't you guys just finish an entire box of cookies?</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:02:36'>Mom, the science thing makes you hungry. Besides it wasn't | + | <subtitle id='00:02:36'>Mom, the science thing makes you hungry. Besides it wasn't an entire box: You had some, too.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:02:45'>One, I had one, well, maybe two. Honey it's too early for dinner. I'm working against a deadline. Can you wait about an hour?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:02:45'>One, I had one, well, maybe two. Honey it's too early for dinner. I'm working against a deadline. Can you wait about an hour?</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:02:53'>Maybe.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:02:53'>Maybe.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:03:03'>Right. Happy forging. Bye.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:03:03'>Right. Happy forging. Bye.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:03:07'>Okay, so much for the hydrogen iodide.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:03:07'>Okay, so much for the hydrogen iodide.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:03:11'>One more unit | + | <subtitle id='00:03:11'>One more unit and we're done.</subtitle> |
− | <subtitle id='00:03:13'>No | + | <subtitle id='00:03:13'>No wait a second. What do you think would happen if we mix chlorine with this.</subtitle> |
− | <subtitle id='00:03:20'> | + | <subtitle id='00:03:20'>Zach, don't do this to me, please.</subtitle> |
− | <subtitle id='00:03:21'>Come | + | <subtitle id='00:03:21'>Come Mark! Where is you sense of adventure. Trust me.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:03:52'>Show me this one.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:03:52'>Show me this one.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:04:05'>Hi, Cindy.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:04:05'>Hi, Cindy.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:04:25'>Okay.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:04:25'>Okay.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:04:28'>The first thing to do is to put the measuring cup on the scale.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:04:28'>The first thing to do is to put the measuring cup on the scale.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:04:34'>Good. Now | + | <subtitle id='00:04:34'>Good. Now pour in 3/4 cup of milk.</subtitle> |
− | <subtitle id='00:04:42'>That's it. | + | <subtitle id='00:04:42'>That's it. Keep pouring.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:04:49'>Cindy, you stopped. You need 1/4 cup more.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:04:49'>Cindy, you stopped. You need 1/4 cup more.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:04:53'>Here, I'll show you. Fill it up to the yellow line.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:04:53'>Here, I'll show you. Fill it up to the yellow line.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:04:57'>Okay.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:04:57'>Okay.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:04:58'> | + | <subtitle id='00:04:58'>3/4 cup.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:05:04'>That's it. Keep pouring all the way up to the yellow line.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:05:04'>That's it. Keep pouring all the way up to the yellow line.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:05:11'>That's it.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:05:11'>That's it.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:05:12'>Good. Now, make sure you stir the batter until it is smooth and creamy.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:05:12'>Good. Now, make sure you stir the batter until it is smooth and creamy.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:05:18'>Cindy, are you finished yet?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:05:18'>Cindy, are you finished yet?</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:05:23'> | + | <subtitle id='00:05:23'>Yep.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:05:24'>Did you get all of the lumps out?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:05:24'>Did you get all of the lumps out?</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:05:26'>Mm-hmm.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:05:26'>Mm-hmm.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:05:43'>I hope you had fun making Mom's birthday cake. I think she'll really be surprised.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:05:43'>I hope you had fun making Mom's birthday cake. I think she'll really be surprised.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:05:53'>Good. save this in the presentation folder. Show me the main index again.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:05:53'>Good. save this in the presentation folder. Show me the main index again.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:06:15'>It's not doing anything | + | <subtitle id='00:06:15'>It's not doing anything!</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:06:20'>Good. We'll just submit the results and move on in next one.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:06:20'>Good. We'll just submit the results and move on in next one.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:06:23'>No, we | + | <subtitle id='00:06:23'>No, wait a min, maybe we should try heating it up.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:06:27'>I can't believe this.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:06:27'>I can't believe this.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:06:39'>show me this one.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:06:39'>show me this one.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:07:08'>I think we can at least double our normal business for the season.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:07:08'>I think we can at least double our normal business for the season.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:07:12'>How much stock would you need?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:07:12'>How much stock would you need?</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:07:14'>I'm estimating about 10,000 | + | <subtitle id='00:07:14'>I'm estimating about 10,000 pieces, and I want to run four weeks of full-page ads in the mailer.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:07:21'>Four weeks, really?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:07:21'>Four weeks, really?</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:07:25'>I think we can work something out</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:07:25'>I think we can work something out</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:07:27'>I'll have to talk with my sales manager, but, yes, I think we can.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:07:27'>I'll have to talk with my sales manager, but, yes, I think we can.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:07:34'>Bonjour madame, heureux de vous revoir. (Hello madam, happy to see you again)</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:07:34'>Bonjour madame, heureux de vous revoir. (Hello madam, happy to see you again)</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:07:37'>Bonjour Pierre. (Hello, Pierre)</subtitle> | + | <subtitle id='00:07:37'>Bonjour Pierre. (Hello, Pierre). Nice to be back.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:07:39'>Puis je vous offrir un apéritif? (Can I offer you a drink?)</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:07:39'>Puis je vous offrir un apéritif? (Can I offer you a drink?)</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:07:41'>Would you like to drink?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:07:41'>Would you like to drink?</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:07:43'>No, no, thank you.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:07:43'>No, no, thank you.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:07:48'>I think we'll just see the menu, thank you.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:07:48'>I think we'll just see the menu, thank you.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:07:47'> | + | <subtitle id='00:07:47'>Très bien madame, tout de suite. (Very good madam, right away.)</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:07:51'>Impressive. I didn't know you spoke French</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:07:51'>Impressive. I didn't know you spoke French</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:07:53'>Well, I don't really, but I understand a little.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:07:53'>Well, I don't really, but I understand a little.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:08:01'>Wow, I think we just discovered | + | <subtitle id='00:08:01'>Wow, I think we just discovered hydrocloric acid partner. Now, I'm pouring.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:08:17'>Zack, I just realized something.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:08:17'>Zack, I just realized something.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:08:21'>And, | + | <subtitle id='00:08:21'>And now, for the hydrogen.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:08:21'>Zack, don't these halogens, as you go up the periodic table, don't they get volatile?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:08:21'>Zack, don't these halogens, as you go up the periodic table, don't they get volatile?</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:08:21'> | + | <subtitle id='00:08:21'>You were saying?</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:08:38'>Never mind.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:08:38'>Never mind.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:08:42'>Gentlemen, we can discuss this particular reaction tomorrow in | + | <subtitle id='00:08:42'>Gentlemen, we can discuss this particular reaction tomorrow in lab.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:08:48'>In the meantime, please, review the program on halogens before it means the end of civilization as we know it.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:08:48'>In the meantime, please, review the program on halogens before it means the end of civilization as we know it.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:08:57'>I'll make sure.. right away, sir.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:08:57'>I'll make sure.. right away, sir.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:09:01'>Good luck.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:09:01'>Good luck.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:09:02'>Some partner?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:09:02'>Some partner?</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:09:10'>As we move into the 20s, we begin an era of discovery | + | <subtitle id='00:09:10'>As we move into the 20s, we begin an era of discovery were doing even simple things can bring great power.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:09:20'>Each new year brings the hope that even our bravest dreams may yet come true.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:09:20'>Each new year brings the hope that even our bravest dreams may yet come true.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:09:25'>if Quasimodo is a symbol of the last century sometimes backward ways, then people like | + | <subtitle id='00:09:25'>if Quasimodo is a symbol of the last century sometimes backward ways, then people like Stephanie and Cindy are symbols of the future</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:09:37'>Technology is not the only answer, but it can be and is a catalyst for change.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:09:37'>Technology is not the only answer, but it can be and is a catalyst for change.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:09:46'> | + | <subtitle id='00:09:46'>Stop. Let's shut down.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:09:50'>This document is unnamed. What is your title?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:09:50'>This document is unnamed. What is your title?</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:09:54'>Good question.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:09:54'>Good question.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:09:58'>Hey, Einstein, you got any good ideas what I should call this thing?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:09:58'>Hey, Einstein, you got any good ideas what I should call this thing?</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:10:02'> | + | <subtitle id='00:10:02'>Call what?</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:10:03'>The project I'm working on.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:10:03'>The project I'm working on.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:10:03'> | + | <subtitle id='00:10:03'>I don't know, you didn't finish?</subtitle> |
− | <subtitle id='00:10:07'>No, I just got started | + | <subtitle id='00:10:07'>No, I just got started really.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:10:23'>Chapter 1, that's not a bad idea. Okay, you guys, let's see.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:10:23'>Chapter 1, that's not a bad idea. Okay, you guys, let's see.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:10:50'> | + | |
− | <subtitle id='00:10:55'>My favorite quote from our next speaker is | + | == Introducing Alan Kay == |
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id='00:10:50'>That's my favorite Apple video.</subtitle> | ||
+ | <subtitle id='00:10:55'>My favorite quote from our next speaker is “the best way to predict the future is to invent it”.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:11:06'>I've got some bad news for some of you, though. Alan Kay is not going to invent the future.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:11:06'>I've got some bad news for some of you, though. Alan Kay is not going to invent the future.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:11:15'>That's right. That's your job. Alan's gonna help, though.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:11:15'>That's right. That's your job. Alan's gonna help, though.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:11:25'>He's going to challenge you to forge some new links in that organic computer between your ears.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:11:25'>He's going to challenge you to forge some new links in that organic computer between your ears.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:11:33'>Please join me in welcoming Alan Kay.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:11:33'>Please join me in welcoming Alan Kay.</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Introduction == | ||
+ | |||
<subtitle id='00:11:47'>Thanks for inviting me here tonight.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:11:47'>Thanks for inviting me here tonight.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:11:53'>With all of these projectors. I usually rate a conference by how many video projectors there are.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:11:53'>With all of these projectors. I usually rate a conference by how many video projectors there are.</subtitle> | ||
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</note> | </note> | ||
<subtitle id='00:13:27'>We've talked about them in various ways. You've seen videos of the Knowledge Navigator, and you just saw another agent-based one.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:13:27'>We've talked about them in various ways. You've seen videos of the Knowledge Navigator, and you just saw another agent-based one.</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Tools. Extension of Human Beings == | ||
+ | |||
+ | <note for="00:13:36"> | ||
+ | We use an incomplete list of slides we have so far. | ||
+ | <slide for="00:13:36" name="WWDC90-1.JPG"/> | ||
+ | <slide for="00:13:41" name="WWDC90-2.JPG"/> | ||
+ | <slide for="00:14:35" name="WWDC90-3.JPG"/> | ||
+ | <slide for="00:17:34" name="WWDC90-4.JPG"/> | ||
+ | <slide for="00:17:53" name="WWDC90-5.JPG"/> | ||
+ | </note> | ||
<subtitle id='00:13:36'>But, I thought one way of talking about it in perspective is to think of what we're trying to do is to extend human beings.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:13:36'>But, I thought one way of talking about it in perspective is to think of what we're trying to do is to extend human beings.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:13:49'>Human beings are inescapably technology-bound in the sense that we find it almost impossible to deal with the world on any kind of direct terms.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:13:49'>Human beings are inescapably technology-bound in the sense that we find it almost impossible to deal with the world on any kind of direct terms.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:14:05'>Part of it is because our brain can't contain the universe: what our brain contains is representations of the universe.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:14:05'>Part of it is because our brain can't contain the universe: what our brain contains is representations of the universe.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:14:14'>And those representations can't be the universe itself.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:14:14'>And those representations can't be the universe itself.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:14:20'>So, already we're at one remove as the other animals from what we like to think of as reality.</subtitle> | + | <subtitle id='00:14:20'>So, already we're at one remove as are the other animals from what we like to think of as reality.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:14:29'>But we've gone much farther than that. We've put ourselves in many many degrees of remove.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:14:29'>But we've gone much farther than that. We've put ourselves in many many degrees of remove.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:14:35'>We put clothing on. We put language on. We put lots of things on.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:14:35'>We put clothing on. We put language on. We put lots of things on.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:16:30'>The reason is is they have an incredible number of parameters that you want to really control in order to get that expression out.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:16:30'>The reason is is they have an incredible number of parameters that you want to really control in order to get that expression out.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:16:39'>The violin has this learning curve that is sort of like this. You have to climb up a thousand foot cliff over a period of two years before you get to do anything </subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:16:39'>The violin has this learning curve that is sort of like this. You have to climb up a thousand foot cliff over a period of two years before you get to do anything </subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:16:50'>Then, you start progressing in various stages. What we've done | + | <subtitle id='00:16:50'>Then, you start progressing in various stages. What we've done on the Mac is more kazoo like.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:16:58'>Taking something that people can learn to do basic operations within a few seconds.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:16:58'>Taking something that people can learn to do basic operations within a few seconds.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:17:03'>And, with an enormous amount more difficulty they can actually create things themselves. So, we have this.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:17:03'>And, with an enormous amount more difficulty they can actually create things themselves. So, we have this.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:17:18'>But then, we have these discontinuities of pulling them up to all of the things that the computer can really do.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:17:18'>But then, we have these discontinuities of pulling them up to all of the things that the computer can really do.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:17:25'>The context, one way of thinking about it, is in terms of these extensions of humans.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:17:25'>The context, one way of thinking about it, is in terms of these extensions of humans.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:17:34'>And | + | <subtitle id='00:17:34'>And the one we always think of are things like screwdrivers and wheels. Less often, we think of tools as language, tools as mathematics.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:17:46'>I like to think of all of these things as extension of the grasp.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:17:46'>I like to think of all of these things as extension of the grasp.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:17:53'>The M-word for me is manipulation on these things.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:17:53'>The M-word for me is manipulation on these things.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:18:13'>We can manipulate them in a way that is almost impossible to do in the real world.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:18:13'>We can manipulate them in a way that is almost impossible to do in the real world.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:18:20'>The M-word for the tool extensions I think of as manipulation.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:18:20'>The M-word for the tool extensions I think of as manipulation.</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Agents as Extension of Human == | ||
+ | |||
<subtitle id='00:18:24'>Now, we have another way of extending ourselves over the last several hundred thousand years. It's a little more subtle.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:18:24'>Now, we have another way of extending ourselves over the last several hundred thousand years. It's a little more subtle.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:18:30'>we don't often think of it. That's by using agents. An agent is an entity that is going to be able to take on some of our goals structure.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:18:30'>we don't often think of it. That's by using agents. An agent is an entity that is going to be able to take on some of our goals structure.</subtitle> | ||
Line 183: | Line 204: | ||
The book by Lewis Mumford is Technics and Civilization. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technics_and_Civilization|Wikipedia]. | The book by Lewis Mumford is Technics and Civilization. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technics_and_Civilization|Wikipedia]. | ||
</note> | </note> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:19:17'>He was actually sort of an architectural critic, but he also wrote more generally about the plight of humans. He wrote a book called Technics and Civilization, which he called these structures like the structure that we have out here tonight mega-machines.</subtitle> | + | <subtitle id='00:19:17'>He was actually sort of an architectural critic, but he also wrote more generally about the plight of humans. He wrote a book called Technics and Civilization, which he called these structures like the structure that we have out here tonight, mega-machines.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:19:33'>He said, for most of human history, [most of the structures that] most of the machines that humans have created have other humans as moving parts.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:19:33'>He said, for most of human history, [most of the structures that] most of the machines that humans have created have other humans as moving parts.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:19:44'>So, we make cities. We make cultures. | + | <subtitle id='00:19:44'>So, we make cities. We make cultures. We have hunting groups.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:19:48'>We have all different kinds of things. These are a microcosm of the general human situation.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:19:48'>We have all different kinds of things. These are a microcosm of the general human situation.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:19:57'>Of course, one of the useful thing about agents is that they can use a tool on your behalf.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:19:57'>Of course, one of the useful thing about agents is that they can use a tool on your behalf.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:20:07'>What's even better about agents is that they can get other agents to do things.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:20:07'>What's even better about agents is that they can get other agents to do things.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:20:12'>Agents can proliferate your goals in a way that tools are not set up to do.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:20:12'>Agents can proliferate your goals in a way that tools are not set up to do.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:20:19'>The M-word here I use | + | <subtitle id='00:20:19'>The M-word here I use is management. So, we manipulate tools, we manage agents.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:20:26'>I think of tools is something that we look at and manipulate.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:20:26'>I think of tools is something that we look at and manipulate.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:20:30'>And, agents are something that look at us, and we manage them.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:20:30'>And, agents are something that look at us, and we manage them.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:20:35'>It was a very different way of dealing them but they are the two main ways that we've extended ourselves over the years.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:20:35'>It was a very different way of dealing them but they are the two main ways that we've extended ourselves over the years.</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Is Computer A Tool or an Agent? == | ||
+ | |||
<subtitle id='00:20:43'>One of the biggest problems when computers came out is that the mainframe didn't look like either.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:20:43'>One of the biggest problems when computers came out is that the mainframe didn't look like either.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:20:50'>Mainframe was out of human scale. Things that are out of human scale, we have mechanisms in our brain that treat them religiously.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:20:50'>Mainframe was out of human scale. Things that are out of human scale, we have mechanisms in our brain that treat them religiously.</subtitle> | ||
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The advice taker paper by McCarthy is here: [http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/mcc59.pdf]. | The advice taker paper by McCarthy is here: [http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/mcc59.pdf]. | ||
</note> | </note> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:21:51'>The first pointing device called the light gun was used back then. McCarthy around 1958 wrote a paper | + | <subtitle id='00:21:51'>The first pointing device called the light gun was used back then. McCarthy around 1958 wrote a paper called The Advice Taker.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:21:59'>In this paper, McCarthy, who is one of the founders of AI, like this is why he got into AI, said: it is quite obvious that in the near future (unfortunately John is still alive because this hasn't happened yet but see how optimistic everyone one was back then. To him it was obvious.).</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:21:59'>In this paper, McCarthy, who is one of the founders of AI, like this is why he got into AI, said: it is quite obvious that in the near future (unfortunately John is still alive because this hasn't happened yet but see how optimistic everyone one was back then. To him it was obvious.).</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:22:20'>He said, in the near future that we will soon be embedded in the midst of an information utility that is as dense and as one-for-one as our power and light utilities.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:22:20'>He said, in the near future that we will soon be embedded in the midst of an information utility that is as dense and as one-for-one as our power and light utilities.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:22:58'>And the way we will deal with it is we'll give it advice. In other words, we'll manage it. We won't program it. We'll manage it.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:22:58'>And the way we will deal with it is we'll give it advice. In other words, we'll manage it. We won't program it. We'll manage it.</subtitle> | ||
<note for='00:23:05'> | <note for='00:23:05'> | ||
− | MCC was a research consortium to complete against | + | MCC was a research consortium to complete against Japanese Fifth-Generation Computer Project. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microelectronics_and_Computer_Technology_Corporation]. |
The Cyc project is going at Cycorp inc. [http://www.cyc.com/]. | The Cyc project is going at Cycorp inc. [http://www.cyc.com/]. | ||
</note> | </note> | ||
Line 227: | Line 251: | ||
<subtitle id='00:23:51'>It's happening willy-nilly. AT&T could have done it after the divestiture, but they were frightened of the idea.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:23:51'>It's happening willy-nilly. AT&T could have done it after the divestiture, but they were frightened of the idea.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:24:59'>Somebody told them they had a network, they said: "network? We thought we had a telephone!"</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:24:59'>Somebody told them they had a network, they said: "network? We thought we had a telephone!"</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:24:04'>And, they fired the guy they had originally gotten in to do this project called Baby Bell, which was going to be a pervasive network in the early 80s | + | <subtitle id='00:24:04'>And, they fired the guy they had originally gotten in to do this project called Baby Bell, which was going to be a pervasive network in the early 80s that people could write applications to.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:24:16'>But the point is that we're just now starting to go into a change as large, I believe, as the one from the mainframes to what you're doing today.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:24:16'>But the point is that we're just now starting to go into a change as large, I believe, as the one from the mainframes to what you're doing today.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:24:28'> | + | <subtitle id='00:24:28'>And the question is how frightening is it actually going to be.</subtitle> |
+ | |||
+ | == Seeds of Transition from Institutionalized Computing to Personal Computing == | ||
<subtitle id='00:24:35'>Well, I got a big surprise. I this is the first personal computer I did it was called the FLEX machine. (Must be a critic.)</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:24:35'>Well, I got a big surprise. I this is the first personal computer I did it was called the FLEX machine. (Must be a critic.)</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:24:46'>it's called the FLEX machine.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:24:46'>it's called the FLEX machine.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:25:48'> I think that's the most important part of it. So, I got really excited. The main bug in the Engelbart's thing is he tried to do it on time sharing.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:25:48'> I think that's the most important part of it. So, I got really excited. The main bug in the Engelbart's thing is he tried to do it on time sharing.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:25:56'>You don't have enough cycles to do user interface the way it needs to be done. So, it was just getting, this is 1967 or so.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:25:56'>You don't have enough cycles to do user interface the way it needs to be done. So, it was just getting, this is 1967 or so.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:26:08'>(The chip,) General Instruments I think it was a company that no longer is with us had just come out with a marvelous chip that | + | <subtitle id='00:26:08'>(The chip,) General Instruments I think it was a company that no longer is with us had just come out with a marvelous chip that had 512 bits on it.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:26:19'>It's 512 bit ROM.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:26:19'>It's 512 bit ROM.</subtitle> | ||
<note for="00:26:25"> | <note for="00:26:25"> | ||
Line 256: | Line 282: | ||
<subtitle id='00:26:49'>Each wire was a sense wire.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:26:49'>Each wire was a sense wire.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:26:52'>The computer that the astronauts went to the moon on was a program by a tangle of wire of about two cubic feet that was held onboard of that spacecraft.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:26:52'>The computer that the astronauts went to the moon on was a program by a tangle of wire of about two cubic feet that was held onboard of that spacecraft.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:27:03'>So, 512-bit rom was a big deal. | + | <subtitle id='00:27:03'>So, 512-bit rom was a big deal. It meant we could do micro coding in a way that would not completely drive us crazy.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:27:13'>But, the problem with this approach and I think the approach of this middle way of going about it is that Engelbart's user interface was too violin-like.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:27:13'>But, the problem with this approach and I think the approach of this middle way of going about it is that Engelbart's user interface was too violin-like.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:27:25'>If you're willing to spend many many hours getting expert at it you could do truly amazing things.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:27:25'>If you're willing to spend many many hours getting expert at it you could do truly amazing things.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:29:12'>The middle one is sort of like Newtonian physics.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:29:12'>The middle one is sort of like Newtonian physics.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:29:15'>The one on the right hand side is maybe the theory of relativity or something modern.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:29:15'>The one on the right hand side is maybe the theory of relativity or something modern.</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | == The Transition is not Incremental, but Qualitatively Different Relationship == | ||
+ | |||
<subtitle id='00:29:21'>The important idea that these are huge. They are not progressive changes that are just about computers getting smaller.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:29:21'>The important idea that these are huge. They are not progressive changes that are just about computers getting smaller.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:29:27'>They're actually changes in point of view. Big changes in the relationship of the user to the machine.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:29:27'>They're actually changes in point of view. Big changes in the relationship of the user to the machine.</subtitle> | ||
− | + | <subtitle id='00:29:34'>I'll just give you one example: if you take the mainframe, 3270 glass teletype screens way of doing things,</subtitle> | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | <subtitle id='00:29:34'>I'll just give you one example: if you take the mainframe, | ||
<subtitle id='00:29:46'>and that extends to the IBM PC because the IBM PC was sort of a way of doing a small mainframe without adding any new insights into how you were to interact with it.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:29:46'>and that extends to the IBM PC because the IBM PC was sort of a way of doing a small mainframe without adding any new insights into how you were to interact with it.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:30:00'>The basic idea of user interface on these machines is to think of it as access to function.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:30:00'>The basic idea of user interface on these machines is to think of it as access to function.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:30:40'>It's number one task is to gently teach you all the things that it can do and make you aware each time what can be done next.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:30:40'>It's number one task is to gently teach you all the things that it can do and make you aware each time what can be done next.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:30:50'>Putting things into pulldown menus as a primary strategy is a terrible one.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:30:50'>Putting things into pulldown menus as a primary strategy is a terrible one.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:30:56'>When I see a Mac application that has no visible menus, I say: " | + | <subtitle id='00:30:56'>When I see a Mac application that has no visible menus, I say: "oh-oh, this thing probably ran on an IBM PC at some point and they're just trying to put Bearnaise sauce on the hot dog.</subtitle> |
− | <subtitle id='00:31:11'>But you have to do more. You have to change the | + | <subtitle id='00:31:11'>But you have to do more. You have to change the user's relationship to the system and realize that your major task is to have the users learn as they go along.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:31:20'>Just as that is a such a large revolution that most of the people who are trying to imitate it don't understand it.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:31:20'>Just as that is a such a large revolution that most of the people who are trying to imitate it don't understand it.</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Intimate Computing Will Be Proactive Engine == | ||
<subtitle id='00:31:29'>We're just starting on the next revolution which is going to be equally cataclysmic because the computer that goes wherever we are will probably not even have an on/off switch.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:31:29'>We're just starting on the next revolution which is going to be equally cataclysmic because the computer that goes wherever we are will probably not even have an on/off switch.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:31:41'>It's not going to be a standalone laptop. It almost certainly will be hooked into digital cellular.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:31:41'>It's not going to be a standalone laptop. It almost certainly will be hooked into digital cellular.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:33:28'>And, that the major difference is that we're asking those questions now in the Macintosh.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:33:28'>And, that the major difference is that we're asking those questions now in the Macintosh.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:33:32'>A few years from now, we're going to have to start seriously asking them about an entirely new way of doing computing.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:33:32'>A few years from now, we're going to have to start seriously asking them about an entirely new way of doing computing.</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | == What is Relevant is Finding Important Information == | ||
+ | |||
<subtitle id='00:33:42'>So, these are a couple of Larry's examples, which I think are particularly nice.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:33:42'>So, these are a couple of Larry's examples, which I think are particularly nice.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:33:46'>People worried about response time on the mainframe.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:33:46'>People worried about response time on the mainframe.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:35:54'>Can we find it?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:35:54'>Can we find it?</subtitle> | ||
− | == Integrate Information == | + | == Integrate Information Key Ideas about Dynamic Linking == |
<subtitle id='00:36:00'>Integrate information, what is something that is closer to home. We don't on a mainframe.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:36:00'>Integrate information, what is something that is closer to home. We don't on a mainframe.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:37:19'>If you can do that, then you can get all of the relevant stuff seem to be in the same place.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:37:19'>If you can do that, then you can get all of the relevant stuff seem to be in the same place.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:37:26'>A critical insight first had by Engelbart. </subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:37:26'>A critical insight first had by Engelbart. </subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:37:29'>Feel of interaction. It feels like editing on a 3270 or an IBM PC. Layout on the Mac, you're moving around | + | |
+ | == Feel of Interaction == | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id='00:37:29'>Feel of interaction. It feels like editing on a 3270 or an IBM PC. Layout on the Mac, you're moving around 2D things.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:37:39'>Larry says orchestration, but I like to use the word conducting because what we're going to be manipulating on the in this next revolution is going to be active, proactive, objects not passive ones.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:37:39'>Larry says orchestration, but I like to use the word conducting because what we're going to be manipulating on the in this next revolution is going to be active, proactive, objects not passive ones.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:37:58'>Issue commands. Again, think of Institutional, well, you have to remember and type.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:37:58'>Issue commands. Again, think of Institutional, well, you have to remember and type.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:40:02'>And so the more the developers agitate for support for getting into this third way, this third paradigm of computing, the more easy it is for Apple to decide to do it.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:40:02'>And so the more the developers agitate for support for getting into this third way, this third paradigm of computing, the more easy it is for Apple to decide to do it.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:40:12'>It works both ways.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:40:12'>It works both ways.</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Difference in Programming Models: COBOL vs. Object-Oriented == | ||
<subtitle id='00:40:17'>Here's an interesting one.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:40:17'>Here's an interesting one.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:40:21'>The first thing probably is foreign to you, but it's what goes on in the other world out there. That world slightly to the east of the San Andreas Fault.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:40:21'>The first thing probably is foreign to you, but it's what goes on in the other world out there. That world slightly to the east of the San Andreas Fault.</subtitle> | ||
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== Objects to Components == | == Objects to Components == | ||
+ | |||
<subtitle id='00:45:23'>Now, the important thing is if you take a look at the right-hand panel there, what we see is not generic tools.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:45:23'>Now, the important thing is if you take a look at the right-hand panel there, what we see is not generic tools.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:45:30'>The generic tool is like a spreadsheet, like a desktop publishing system.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:45:30'>The generic tool is like a spreadsheet, like a desktop publishing system.</subtitle> | ||
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Lotus Jazz. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_Jazz]. | Lotus Jazz. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_Jazz]. | ||
</note> | </note> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:45:47'>You can't do is like Lotus' | + | <subtitle id='00:45:47'>You can't do is like Lotus's failed attempt with Jazz.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:45:51'>You just can't build in all of those tools.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:45:51'>You just can't build in all of those tools.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:45:53'>What you really want to do when you do a system like that is make an operating system for doing desktop publishing.</subtitle> | + | <subtitle id='00:45:53'>What you really want to do when you do a system like that, is make an operating system for doing desktop publishing.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:46:01'>It's a Finder for desktop publishing.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:46:01'>It's a Finder for desktop publishing.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:46:02'>You want, you can build in a few tools, but you should let fourth party developers build in those extra fancy tools in the toolbox.</subtitle> | + | <subtitle id='00:46:02'>You want, you can build in a few tools, but you should let fourth-party developers build in those extra fancy tools in the toolbox.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:46:14'>Think of what it actually means. You know, the person who comes up with the best one of these is always going to get bought.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:46:14'>Think of what it actually means. You know, the person who comes up with the best one of these is always going to get bought.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:46:22'>That's the operating system part of the thing.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:46:22'>That's the operating system part of the thing.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:47:22'>This is really ugly. It's a terrible way of doing things.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:47:22'>This is really ugly. It's a terrible way of doing things.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:47:27'>If you move an object, classical object, from one place to the other, all the important code that knows about the internal formats and stuff goes with it.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:47:27'>If you move an object, classical object, from one place to the other, all the important code that knows about the internal formats and stuff goes with it.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:47:36'>This is the promise of object-oriented programming. But you still have to write code in | + | <subtitle id='00:47:36'>This is the promise of object-oriented programming. But you still have to write code in its receiving end.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:47:42'>In order for that object to be a component, it has to adhere to some sort of standard protocol.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:47:42'>In order for that object to be a component, it has to adhere to some sort of standard protocol.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:47:47'>That's what Apple events is supposed to be about. But I think you can see that that is not going to last in the world of pervasive networking, right?</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:47:47'>That's what Apple events is supposed to be about. But I think you can see that that is not going to last in the world of pervasive networking, right?</subtitle> | ||
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== User Interface as the way to change the relationship == | == User Interface as the way to change the relationship == | ||
+ | |||
<subtitle id='00:51:14'>The important idea in the user interface is that you can change the relationship of the user to his knowledge by giving them a different kind of representation system to think about it in terms of.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:51:14'>The important idea in the user interface is that you can change the relationship of the user to his knowledge by giving them a different kind of representation system to think about it in terms of.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:51:29'>That is a key notion. It is incredibly difficult to deal with numbers in terms of Roman numerals.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:51:29'>That is a key notion. It is incredibly difficult to deal with numbers in terms of Roman numerals.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='00:54:39'>But what happened next really amazed me. She wants to get a clean sheet of paper.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:54:39'>But what happened next really amazed me. She wants to get a clean sheet of paper.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:54:44'>So she goes up to the close box of the window, and she saves her old drawing using the pop-up and then she goes to the pulldown to get a new one and she's off and rolling again.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:54:44'>So she goes up to the close box of the window, and she saves her old drawing using the pop-up and then she goes to the pulldown to get a new one and she's off and rolling again.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:55:10'>This was sewing | + | <subtitle id='00:55:10'>[This was sewing] That doesn't make you want to buy a Mac?</subtitle> |
<note for='00:55:22'> | <note for='00:55:22'> | ||
Somebody presumably joked about wanting to buy a child, not a Mac. | Somebody presumably joked about wanting to buy a child, not a Mac. | ||
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<subtitle id='00:59:14'>About one page of code to do this application.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:59:14'>About one page of code to do this application.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='00:59:17'>This horrifies college professors when I suggest they do this as a term project for their beginning programming class because it's too hard in pascal.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:59:17'>This horrifies college professors when I suggest they do this as a term project for their beginning programming class because it's too hard in pascal.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='00:59:27'>But, this is the kind of thing that when you think of the system ahead of time as being something that the end user is going to do more with | + | <subtitle id='00:59:27'>But, this is the kind of thing that when you think of the system ahead of time as being something that the end user is going to do more with than just twitch parameters you've set then you'll design it in a different way.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='00:59:50'>What you'd like to see is even if you've got a Cadillac down there, and most of you guys have Ferraris, written in things much worse than C, screaming machine code.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='00:59:50'>What you'd like to see is even if you've got a Cadillac down there, and most of you guys have Ferraris, written in things much worse than C, screaming machine code.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='01:00:02'>Even if you've got all that stuff down there, what you should start thinking about doing is give the user a Model T version of it to look at.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:00:02'>Even if you've got all that stuff down there, what you should start thinking about doing is give the user a Model T version of it to look at.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='01:01:09'>And, I found an agent done at MIT that I think illustrates this idea.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:01:09'>And, I found an agent done at MIT that I think illustrates this idea.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='01:01:19'>Here, the computer is playing the harpsichord.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:01:19'>Here, the computer is playing the harpsichord.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='01:02:03'>Well, that's impressive, but of course the flute player didn't make any mistakes | + | <subtitle id='01:02:03'>Well, that's impressive, but of course the flute player didn't make any mistakes, and that ain't the way it really goes.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='01:02:11'>How did that work? Well, the computer had a model of the whole set of goals to be accomplished, including what it was supposed to do, and what the human was trying to accomplish.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:02:11'>How did that work? Well, the computer had a model of the whole set of goals to be accomplished, including what it was supposed to do, and what the human was trying to accomplish.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='01:02:22'>It was tracking both of them, and making some judgments about what the guy was playing expressively and so forth.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:02:22'>It was tracking both of them, and making some judgments about what the guy was playing expressively and so forth.</subtitle> | ||
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<subtitle id='01:07:17'>This is sort of an Apple problem in a sense is that the the people who did Apple link refused to admit that most Mac's have hard disks on them.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:07:17'>This is sort of an Apple problem in a sense is that the the people who did Apple link refused to admit that most Mac's have hard disks on them.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='01:07:27'>Because of that, they make you wait for the modem, and wait for the modem.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:07:27'>Because of that, they make you wait for the modem, and wait for the modem.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='01:07:30'>You don't have to wait for the modem | + | <subtitle id='01:07:30'>You don't have to wait for the modem! An agent can download the stuff, and have it ready to go, and it can even do some of the reading of it while you're doing.</subtitle> |
− | <subtitle id='01:07:37'>Why don't one of you guys do one of those things | + | <subtitle id='01:07:37'>Why don't one of you guys do one of those things?</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='01:07:41'>In credit, you know, because you can do agents now. So start doing it. We need them.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:07:41'>In credit, you know, because you can do agents now. So start doing it. We need them.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='01:07:49'>The only way we can get better on this stuff is to have a lot of things to | + | <subtitle id='01:07:49'>The only way we can get better on this stuff is to have a lot of things to use and to criticize.</subtitle> |
− | <subtitle id='01:07:53'>It's the most important aspect. So, this is sort of an old farts talk I realize.</subtitle> | + | <subtitle id='01:07:53'>It's the most important aspect. So, this is sort of an old farts talk, I realize.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='01:08:01'>I'm working on my old farts merit badge.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:08:01'>I'm working on my old farts merit badge.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='01:08:07'>But the way we make progress here is by trying to go for the good stuff, trying to find a romantic ideal, and realizing and having faith that the money will come by doing something good.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:08:07'>But the way we make progress here is by trying to go for the good stuff, trying to find a romantic ideal, and realizing and having faith that the money will come by doing something good.</subtitle> | ||
Line 603: | Line 641: | ||
<subtitle id='01:08:30'>Now, we're all making money on it, but if we just set out to do money we would have done another MS-DOS clone like Compaq does.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:08:30'>Now, we're all making money on it, but if we just set out to do money we would have done another MS-DOS clone like Compaq does.</subtitle> | ||
<subtitle id='01:08:41'>The same thing is true for this stuff. We can actually push into this new era and be one of the leaders for this new way of proactive computing.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:08:41'>The same thing is true for this stuff. We can actually push into this new era and be one of the leaders for this new way of proactive computing.</subtitle> | ||
− | <subtitle id='01:08:52'>And we can do it starting now on the Macintosh with your help. As always the strongest weapon we have to explore a strange new world like this is the one between our ears, providing | + | <subtitle id='01:08:52'>And we can do it starting now on the Macintosh with your help. As always the strongest weapon we have to explore a strange new world like this is the one between our ears, providing it's loaded.</subtitle> |
<subtitle id='01:09:06'>Thank you very much. Thank you.</subtitle> | <subtitle id='01:09:06'>Thank you very much. Thank you.</subtitle> |
Latest revision as of 21:07, 19 January 2025
Contents
- 1 A concept video on the world with digital agents
- 2 Introducing Alan Kay
- 3 Introduction
- 4 Tools. Extension of Human Beings
- 5 Agents as Extension of Human
- 6 Is Computer A Tool or an Agent?
- 7 Seeds of Transition from Institutionalized Computing to Personal Computing
- 8 The Transition is not Incremental, but Qualitatively Different Relationship
- 9 Intimate Computing Will Be Proactive Engine
- 10 What is Relevant is Finding Important Information
- 11 Integrate Information Key Ideas about Dynamic Linking
- 12 Feel of Interaction
- 13 Difference in Programming Models: COBOL vs. Object-Oriented
- 14 Objects to Components
- 15 Tools Change Very Slowly: Screwdriver
- 16 User Interface as the way to change the relationship
- 17 Lara uses Mac: Similarity among Applications
- 18 An example of Computer Agent: The Synthetic Performer
A concept video on the world with digital agents
The Wikipedia page of the movie. [1]. The novel is available on Project Gutenberg, etc. [2].
Introducing Alan Kay
Introduction
antediluvian: Before Flood, or the age before a big change happened.
The video of Knowledge Navigator is available. [3]. Alan Kay once mentioned that it would have been much stronger concept video if the assistant is portable, and carried with the person, and show the "third way" ("intimate" in "Going from institutional, personal, to intimate.") in this talk.
Tools. Extension of Human Beings
We use an incomplete list of slides we have so far.
Agents as Extension of Human
The book by Lewis Mumford is Technics and Civilization. [4].
Is Computer A Tool or an Agent?
The Whirlwind computer done at MIT Lincoln Labs had interactive code change and data examination. A programming experience on a later system inspired by this was described at the bottom of: [5]
The advice taker paper by McCarthy is here: [6].
MCC was a research consortium to complete against Japanese Fifth-Generation Computer Project. [7]. The Cyc project is going at Cycorp inc. [8].
The book is Building "Large Knowledge-Based Systems; Representation and Inference in the Cyc Project" by Lenat and R.V. Guha, published in 1990.
Seeds of Transition from Institutionalized Computing to Personal Computing
Doug Engelbart Institute website [9] has large collection of his group's work.
Core Rope Memory on Wikipedia [10].
The Transition is not Incremental, but Qualitatively Different Relationship
Intimate Computing Will Be Proactive Engine
What is Relevant is Finding Important Information
A Wikipedia page on path length: [11].
Integrate Information Key Ideas about Dynamic Linking
System 7 was a version of Mac OS. The linking feature was Publish and Subscribe [12].
Feel of Interaction
Standard Operating Procedure manuals.
Difference in Programming Models: COBOL vs. Object-Oriented
This project was for Brooklyn Union Gas. A paper titled "Object-oriented development at Brooklyn Union Gas" by John Davis and Tom Morgan exists.
Objects to Components
Lotus Jazz. [13].
Tools Change Very Slowly: Screwdriver
Alan was gesturing the way where his palm would be on the side of the handle.
Here, his palm is at the end of handle but only fingers are used to turn the handle.
User Interface as the way to change the relationship
Lara uses Mac: Similarity among Applications
Somebody presumably joked about wanting to buy a child, not a Mac.
The nickname of the Model T is Tin Lizzie, which is used to symbolize the VPRI's later work, including the domain name of this site.
Egghead Software [14].
Possibly by Susan Hamet. See. [15]
An example of Computer Agent: The Synthetic Performer
The work is called The Synthetic Performer by Barry Vercoe with Larry Beauregard. [16]
(Work at the ATARI Research. Not the one Alan describes but related work from ATARI Research can be seen here: [17]