Difference between revisions of "Alan Kay Keynote at NATF 2013 Part 1"
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+ | <subtitle id="0:0:9">now I'd like to welcome</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:12"> our last guest keynote speaker of the day dr.</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:15"> Alan Kay Ellen is the president</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:18"> and founder of viewpoints Research Institute here's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:21">of the pioneers of object orientated programming personal</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:24"> computing and graphical user interface design</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:27"> dr. K's contributions</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:30"> have been acknowledged with the Charles stark draper pryce on the National</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:33"> Academy of Engineering the am turing award</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:36"> from the association of computer machinery and the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:39"> kyoto prize for inamori foundation here's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:42"> an adjunct professor of computer science at</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:45"> UCLA a visiting professor at Kyoto University</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:48"> and an advisor to the one laptop per</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:51">child for more about Alan you can read full bio on</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:54"> the website but for now welcome Alan thank</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:0:57"> you</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:0"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:3"> sorry i was asking</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:6"> to pointed questions</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:9"> but just take me a second to get set</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:12"> up here</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:15"> so one of the things i noticed i was asked</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:18">to give a talk on sustainability because it's in the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:21"> the title of this conference</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:24">and I've been here for most of the day and I haven't heard</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:27"> a single talk on sustainability it wasn't</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:30"> the word wasn't mentioned I listened very carefully the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:33"> last panel and Nicholas didn't mention</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:36"> it and so</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:39"> I but</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:42"> I'm going to give a talk on sustainability</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:45"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:48"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:51"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:54"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:1:57"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:0"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:3"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:6"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:9"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:12"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:15"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:18"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:21"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:24"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:27"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:30"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:33">the few things I've learned in my culture and at</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:36"> some some point</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:39"> the sustainability idea just never</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:42">the top of the list you ever noticed that</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:45"> it's something</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:48"> that is actually a serious</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:51"> problem but a very different problem from</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:54"> something that can be fixed with</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:2:57"> Tecna I will do that in a sec you know thank you</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:3">just trying to get organized here before</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:6"> I fall apart cuz I</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:9"> I actually thought I was going to have a second</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:12"> to do this beforehand</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:15"> but instead I just kept talking and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:33">yeah okay all</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:36"> right now</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:39">they they said you have to talk on sustainability</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:42"> I thought boy I just</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:45"> don't know anything about it</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:48"> except what I've read and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:51"> when I started thinking about a little bit more I thought</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:54"> I could at least say something about human</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:3:57">being sustaining our ability to think about things</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:0"> and maybe look at that a little bit and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:3"> so just to start off with</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:6"> with something simple I'll start</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:9"> off with something that's not a human being</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:12"> and it was discovered maybe</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:15"> 70 years ago or so that</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:18"> if you take</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:21"> a frog's natural food which are in</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:24"> this case our flies and paralyze</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:27"> them but keep them alive paralyze</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:30"> them with a little chloroform you can drop</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:33"> this food all the way all around the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:36"> fly and it will just absolutely not eat them it will fact</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:39"> starve to death in the presence</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:42"> of its food which is still alive</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:45"> but not moving if</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:48"> you take this very same fly and you toss</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:51"> a little rectangles</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:54"> of cardboard like that one there</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:4:57"> the frog will snake out its tongue and eat every single</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:0"> one of them until it is full to bursting and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:3"> all attempts</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:6"> to train frogs differently have failed</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:9"> this</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:12"> was studied rather closely</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:15"> in the 40s and in the 50s and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:18"> was discovered that you</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:21"> probably know that the our retina</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:24"> is actually contiguous with our</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:27"> brain it's not a separate organ that's actually</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:30"> part of our brain and it does some</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:33"> thinking and it turns out a frog's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:36"> I'd does a lot of thinking it actually does the decision-making</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:39"> as to whether it should go after food</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:42"> or not for efficiency's sake it doesn't wanna because</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:45">only run few hundred feet per second and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:48"> so all of the thinking all of</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:51"> the sensing all of the visual processing is done in the retina</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:54"> of the frogs I and then bingo okay well</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:5:57"> of course we aren't rocks so why am I even bringing</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:0"> up this example but</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:3"> you know when I was thinking about</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:6"> sustainability I</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:9"> remember that the original Pogo cartoon</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:12"> from a zillion years ago I see people who</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:15"> are in the age range that I am people</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:18"> are in the age range i am reflect a lot of light</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:21"> either from white hair or no hair</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:24"> and people from that era</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:27"> will remember this</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:30"> is one of the most memorable lines any cartoonist</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:33"> ever came up with but you may not remember that</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:36"> it was in this cartoon which</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:39"> shows an enormous pile of garbage around and so</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:42"> this is an actually a reaction of this cartoonist</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:45"> Walt Kelly in the 50s about what</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:48"> he and people in the 50s thought was</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:51"> a serious problem already of course that problem is</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:54"> compounded itself a trillion fold by</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:6:57"> now and the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:0"> when I started when I was thinking about this talk</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:3"> I thought well you just really there just isn't much to say about</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:6"> sustainability from the technological</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:9"> standpoint you can actually compute it</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:12"> all out some very smart people have</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:15"> if you haven't read amerie lovins</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:18"> book called reinventing fire it's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:21"> one of the best books I've read in the last 20 years</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:24"> or so he's the head of the Rocky Mountain Institute he's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:27"> a physicist he's been</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:30"> at this for 40 years or so and this is a magnum opus of</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:33"> a book which takes every</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:36"> part of the energy spectrum and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:39"> looks at it</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:42"> from the standpoint of what if you could get</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:45"> the usual selfish motives</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:48"> of human beings and business people in particular</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:51"> motivated to actually do</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:54"> a the right thing for the wrong</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:7:57"> reason namely show them how they can increase profits</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:0"> by actually dealing more sensibly</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:3"> with energy problems and so this is the result of</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:6"> maybe fifteen to twenty years worth of work of the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:9"> Rocky Mountain Institute it's a masterpiece</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:12"> and I think everybody</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:15"> will find it really interesting</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:18"> originally I was going to talk about that then thinking</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:21">might be more interesting to talk about why nobody pays any attention</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:24"> to this</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:27"> so</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:30"> this is always a problem this is</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:33"> one of my favorite shots because</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:36"> every</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:39"> once in a while they get Spock to do this because</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:42"> Mary's supposed to be beyond cool</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:45"> being an alien creature and non-human</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:48"> but he had a human part and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:51"> his human part was generally</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:54"> reflected by enormous emotions</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:8:57"> when they were finally boiled over and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:0"> okay here's if if we had</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:3"> more time it's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:6"> always instructor to spend 20</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:9"> minutes or so just delving into what's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:12"> wrong with our own brains yes and this won't</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:15"> work thank you so much for reading it though so</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:18">this is the thing that would be handed out however</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:21"> if you have something it has text in front</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:24"> of you make that the the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:27"> dot and the plus about the width of your eyes</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:30"> so you know maybe two</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:33">three inches you can try it right now it's not going</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:36"> to bother me if you do it and the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:39"> trick of it is is to keep the thing on the desk</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:42"> and you just move</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:45"> into it holding focus and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:48"> then what you'll see is something like this</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:51">and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:54"> I'll show you why the dot goes away when</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:9:57"> you move in about 9 inches away for</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:0"> most people see</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:3"> it somebody do it and but</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:6"> here's what's cool</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:9"> there's no blank spot</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:12"> that dot went away but</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:15"> there's still some text their</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:18"> text that you couldn't see when</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:21"> the spot was there so</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:24">that's what's interesting about the blind spot experiment</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:27"> and here's the way it works in fact we were just talking about eyes</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:30"> a couple of seconds ago and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:33">so if anybody</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:36"> here is looking for arguments in favor of evolution</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:39"> here's one if</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:42"> you want to exhibit a well-designed biological</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:45"> I you can't look at us you</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:48"> have to look at the squid squids have</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:51"> cephalopods in general have fantastic</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:54"> eyes but if you look at our I</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:10:57"> somehow the blood vessels are actually</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:0"> in front of the cells</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:3"> that detect light rather than behind them</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:6"> as own squid and so</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:9"> we're when we see something with our eyewear actually the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:12"> image is actually occluded all</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:15"> over the place by all these blood vessels</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:18"> why can't we see the blood vessels well because</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:21"> we're filtering them out thus</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:24"> losing acuity and the place</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:27"> where the blood vessels</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:30"> come from the outside into the eye has no</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:33"> light sensitive cells at all so</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:36"> if you can get an image there like the dot then</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:39"> you can't see it there's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:42"> nothing there to sense it and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:45"> this other part here which you can't</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:48"> see very well on the projector is about</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:51"> two and a half two</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:54"> by three degrees wide which is about the size of a normal</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:11:57"> english word</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:0">and it is where almost all of the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:3">of your eye isn't this is why the eye moves this is what</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:6"> i was asking that guy about because he's trying to track</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:9"> yeah well why is the eye moving at all we've</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:12"> got a retina that we</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:15"> could image the entire thing and the problem is is that virtually</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:18"> all of the acuity in the eye is in there</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:21"> and we are almost legally blind right outside</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:24"> of it and we are legally blind just shortly</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:27"> outside of it so almost all of our peripheral vision</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:30"> is legally blind so</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:33"> Northrop Grumman no I'm sorry</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:36"> McDonnell Douglas did a head-mounted display years</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:39"> ago in which they tracked your eyeball hasn't</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:42"> moved and they put a million pixels which is</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:45"> easy to do today right in the fovea and the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:48"> result is instead of seeing an</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:51"> x vga display like we usually see it</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:54"> what you see is no pixels at all because</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:12:57"> there's about a million sensors</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:0"> in there and you can give</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:3"> the illusion of a</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:6"> perfect but but I'm digressing</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:9"> so here's what happened</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:12"> as you move in you're concentrating</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:15"> on the plus at some point you get close enough so</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:18"> that the angle places the dot over</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:21"> where the blood vessels come in and it goes away</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:24"> so the disappearance is easily</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:27"> explained but the problem is where did that other text come</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:30"> from that's a trickier thing</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:33"> to understand and here's the way it works our</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:36"> brain is a bit like a pachinko</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:39"> machine that's fun because</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:42"> there's lots of pachinko machines in Japan you ever</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:45">seen them that's you know the ball goes in and it goes all</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:48"> over the place and it's very fun makes lots of noise and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:51"> so it's sort of a vertical jukebox</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:13:54"> a vertical pinball</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:0">so we've got a brain and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:3"> a sensor something comes in it gets</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:6"> the visual thing there are about 30 different</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:9"> places where the image is</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:12"> split up and sent for</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:15"> various kinds of processing some of it gets</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:18"> to our consciousness but</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:21"> if you excise the part</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:24"> of us that recognizes that we're seeing images we</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:27"> think we're blind but actually but the other parts</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:30"> of the brain are still seeing the image and you can</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:33"> do things without being consciously aware that you're the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:36"> parts of your brain are seeing things and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:39"> then</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:42"> there are some so we can think of this is kind</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:45"> of a hardware map and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:48"> then there's kind of software</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:51"> and database thing</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:54"> which I'm going to call the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:14:57"> ghost and the ghost</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:0"> is all the things that you believe in</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:3"> all the things that allow you to</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:6"> navigate around the world that</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:9"> allow</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:12">decide something as reasonable and unreasonable</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:15"> some of these are our built-in</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:18"> by your genes</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:21"> some of them are learn in your</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:24"> culture but you learn them because things are built</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:27"> in and your genes and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:30"> so this big pink manifestation</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:33">of things you just think of as our beliefs and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:36"> we're not aware of this because our</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:39"> nervous system is set up to look for differences</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:42"> and the most important thing</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:45"> about us as human beings is not what we think</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:48"> we're seeing but all the stuff that has been</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:51"> suppressed in order to look at what's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:54"> different in other words we're interested in</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:15:57"> news rather than what</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:3">and then there's the dream which is what's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:6"> happening right now this dream is about</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:9"> maybe</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:12"> an eighth of a second to a third of a second</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:15"> lagging behind our experience why it's hard</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:18"> to hit a baseball anybody who's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:21"> anybody here tried to hit a fastball</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:24"> when do you start swinging</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:27"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:30"> yeah yep you</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:33"> have to really kind of make a commitment to what</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:36">it is maybe you can see a little hole in it that</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:39"> indicates it's a curve or a slider but</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:42"> basically</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:45"> because it takes a while for things to go through this pachinko</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:48"> machine you can't wait same</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:51"> thing when you're a musician you just don't</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:54"> ever follow anybody else when you're a musician you have to</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:16:57"> play what happens is when multiple musicians</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:0"> are playing together they adjust themselves</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:3"> but if you wait to</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:6"> make a decision about what's going on you're too late</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:9"> right so you're basically casting ahead</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:12">trying to get your synchronization ahead and so</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:15"> what this is the thing that's hard for people to accept</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:18"> but just as we have</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:21"> dreams at night which are entirely manifested</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:24"> with our eyes closed some</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:27">them could be very realistic it's that mechanism that</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:30"> allows us to deal with what's going on right now in</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:33"> other words we're not seeing what's there we're</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:36">seeing our interpretation of what's there</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:39"> and a lot of these are in terms</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:42">tories as we'll see in a second or two and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:45"> we have the great misfortune</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:48"> as a species to call this dream reality</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:51"> now what if it were a reality</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:54"> we would have very little to argue with anybody</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:17:57"> about and especially between cultures religions</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:0"> couldn't be further away from reality</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:3">and enormous</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:6"> numbers of lives have been lost over thousands of years by</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:9"> people deciding what they have is reality and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:12"> what everybody else has is bullshit</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:15"> the truth is we all that pink</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:18"> stuff in our brain is technical word for</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:21"> it is bullshit that is what we have between</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:24"> our ears and getting it out</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:27"> front in a way that we can deal we</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:30"> can't get rid of it but we least have to</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:33"> acknowledge it so</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:36"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:39"> here's a fun one another</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:42"> one you can do well take</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:45"> two oranges to apples to quarters</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:48"> if you want to be precise you can</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:51"> put them on a mirror on a ruler</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:54"> so one is exactly twice as far away than the other</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:18:57"> by geometry and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:0"> by what Descartes did</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:3"> was actually took an ox I from</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:6"> a dead ox and peeled off</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:9"> the sclera on the back of</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:12"> the eye so he could have the ox I</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:15"> look at things like a camera and he</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:18"> would see the upside down images the oxide</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:21"> because he was interested in whether first oxide</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:24"> worked the way ours did because they had similar</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:27"> structure he was also interested in to as to whether</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:30"> Biological lenses work the way glass</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:33"> lenses did in the early</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:36"> 17th century and yes and yes and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:39"> the interesting thing is that people noticed is</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:42"> that wow I can prove by geometry what's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:45"> going to go on the on the retina and I can see it</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:48"> that twice</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:51"> as far away quarter is half the size on the retina but</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:54"> what do we see when we do this</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:19:57"> well we got the same process</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:0"> half the size and the retina the pachinko</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:3"> machine go up to the dream the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:6"> dream knows these quarters are the same size noses</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:9"> the oranges are the same size right</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:12"> knows the apples are the same size</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:15"> and here's what you actually see</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:18"> I mean this is the ghost did the dream you</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:21"> see the farther way quarter</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:24"> is about 80% the size of the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:27"> nearer one instead of half the size and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:30"> that is because your beliefs</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:33"> in reality are</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:36"> trumping what's actually coming into</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:39"> your eye this is why it's so difficult to learn</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:42">paint should be able to do it right it's right there</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:45"> but in fact i order to paint you have to defeat</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:48"> all of these mechanisms including</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:51"> some deeper ones in order to get at what the primary</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:54"> sense data this is also why science was</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:20:57"> invented so late if you think about this as</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:0"> a larger metaphor for everything it</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:3"> says that until you actually get</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:6"> the realization that what's between our ears is</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:9"> bullshit you can never invent science because you</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:12"> never even pay your like the Frog with the Flies you never pay attention</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:15"> to what's actually around</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:18"> you you only pay attention so McLuhan</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:21">great line is usually said until I believe it I</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:24"> can't see it that's definitely true of</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:27"> the Frog and it is actually much more true of us</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:30"> than any of us would like to admit</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:33">and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:36"> one last one I just</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:39"> love these this is Roger Shepard at Stanford and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:42"> here's what's cool about this</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:45"> the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:48"> shape the exact shape</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:51"> and size of the two tabletops is exactly</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:54"> the same and if</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:21:57"> you look at it hard to believe right</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:0"> this one looks kind of long and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:3"> skinny this one looks kind of fat and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:6"> again if we had more time we'd actually do this with physical</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:9"> things so you couldn't claim I was cheating but</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:12"> and so</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:15"> I take a top off bingo</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:18"> still can't see</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:21"> it right I've done this a thousand times it's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:24"> one of my favorite things to show an audience you</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:27">can watch it over and over again and it doesn't matter</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:30"> you cannot learn how to see</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:33"> this is why it's hard to draw in perspective ok</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:36"> I'll hollow it out so we'll just have an outline</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:39"> here so now you can see</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:42"> bingo</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:45"> now</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:48"> this is what so and how do I know this is</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:51">because I made the second table from the first I</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:54"> didn't</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:22:57"> make two tables i took i made this one and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:0"> then I took this shape from it</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:3"> and rotated it and made this</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:9">that's why it fits so well because they are exactly</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:12"> the same and you can do it over and over again with</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:15"> your hands tough beans</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:18"> so these are just simple things and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:21"> why do I want to get you to accept for the rest of</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:24"> the the talk is just provisionally the idea is that hey</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:27"> the world isn't what it seems</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:30"> it just isn't</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:33"></subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:36"> and what puck bent here is</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:39"> it's not that we're just</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:42"> easily fooled it's part of us to want</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:45"> to be fooled it's part of being a human being this is why</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:48"> we like stories my wife has a writer and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:51"> one of her favorite books</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:54"> about writing is has a title</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:23:57"> telling lies for fun and profit</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:3">Talmud</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:6"> we see things not as they are but as we</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:9"> are I give anything to know what happened</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:12"> to the person who said that right because</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:15"> if you take it to its ultimate conclusion it's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:18"> deadly for most dogmatic</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:21"> religions bingo</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:24"> and here's McLuhan again okay</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:27"> so right Francis</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:30"> Bacon sum this up</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:33"> in 1610 by saying we've got four</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:36"> things that are killing us that we idolize</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:39"> intrinsic to humans one</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:42"> is what's genetically wrong with us</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:45"> what things we make up inside</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:48"> of our head because</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:51"> this thing is computing all the time and the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:54"> simple difference between paranoia and what</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:24:57"> we call normal which is slight paranoia is</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:0"> the what we call paranoid</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:3"> delusions are simply a person</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:6"> who is putting much more credence on their internal deductions</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:9"> than on evidence and there are</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:12"> all gradations for this</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:15"> marketplace</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:18">what's wrong with language the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:21"> way language abstracts</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:24"> things and</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:27"> the what he calls the</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:30"> theater which we might call academia today</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:33"> fact</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:36"> Jonathan Smith the guy who wrote Gulliver's</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:39"> Travels was the Dean of</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:42"> University in Dublin and he</subtitle> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subtitle id="0:25:45"> called his professors the confederacy</subtitle> |
Latest revision as of 22:49, 6 December 2017
now I'd like to welcome
our last guest keynote speaker of the day dr.
Alan Kay Ellen is the president
and founder of viewpoints Research Institute here's
of the pioneers of object orientated programming personal
computing and graphical user interface design
dr. K's contributions
have been acknowledged with the Charles stark draper pryce on the National
Academy of Engineering the am turing award
from the association of computer machinery and the
kyoto prize for inamori foundation here's
an adjunct professor of computer science at
UCLA a visiting professor at Kyoto University
and an advisor to the one laptop per
child for more about Alan you can read full bio on
the website but for now welcome Alan thank
you
sorry i was asking
to pointed questions
but just take me a second to get set
up here
so one of the things i noticed i was asked
to give a talk on sustainability because it's in the
the title of this conference
and I've been here for most of the day and I haven't heard
a single talk on sustainability it wasn't
the word wasn't mentioned I listened very carefully the
last panel and Nicholas didn't mention
it and so
I but
I'm going to give a talk on sustainability
the few things I've learned in my culture and at
some some point
the sustainability idea just never
the top of the list you ever noticed that
it's something
that is actually a serious
problem but a very different problem from
something that can be fixed with
Tecna I will do that in a sec you know thank you
just trying to get organized here before
I fall apart cuz I
I actually thought I was going to have a second
to do this beforehand
but instead I just kept talking and
yeah okay all
right now
they they said you have to talk on sustainability
I thought boy I just
don't know anything about it
except what I've read and
when I started thinking about a little bit more I thought
I could at least say something about human
being sustaining our ability to think about things
and maybe look at that a little bit and
so just to start off with
with something simple I'll start
off with something that's not a human being
and it was discovered maybe
70 years ago or so that
if you take
a frog's natural food which are in
this case our flies and paralyze
them but keep them alive paralyze
them with a little chloroform you can drop
this food all the way all around the
fly and it will just absolutely not eat them it will fact
starve to death in the presence
of its food which is still alive
but not moving if
you take this very same fly and you toss
a little rectangles
of cardboard like that one there
the frog will snake out its tongue and eat every single
one of them until it is full to bursting and
all attempts
to train frogs differently have failed
this
was studied rather closely
in the 40s and in the 50s and
was discovered that you
probably know that the our retina
is actually contiguous with our
brain it's not a separate organ that's actually
part of our brain and it does some
thinking and it turns out a frog's
I'd does a lot of thinking it actually does the decision-making
as to whether it should go after food
or not for efficiency's sake it doesn't wanna because
only run few hundred feet per second and
so all of the thinking all of
the sensing all of the visual processing is done in the retina
of the frogs I and then bingo okay well
of course we aren't rocks so why am I even bringing
up this example but
you know when I was thinking about
sustainability I
remember that the original Pogo cartoon
from a zillion years ago I see people who
are in the age range that I am people
are in the age range i am reflect a lot of light
either from white hair or no hair
and people from that era
will remember this
is one of the most memorable lines any cartoonist
ever came up with but you may not remember that
it was in this cartoon which
shows an enormous pile of garbage around and so
this is an actually a reaction of this cartoonist
Walt Kelly in the 50s about what
he and people in the 50s thought was
a serious problem already of course that problem is
compounded itself a trillion fold by
now and the
when I started when I was thinking about this talk
I thought well you just really there just isn't much to say about
sustainability from the technological
standpoint you can actually compute it
all out some very smart people have
if you haven't read amerie lovins
book called reinventing fire it's
one of the best books I've read in the last 20 years
or so he's the head of the Rocky Mountain Institute he's
a physicist he's been
at this for 40 years or so and this is a magnum opus of
a book which takes every
part of the energy spectrum and
looks at it
from the standpoint of what if you could get
the usual selfish motives
of human beings and business people in particular
motivated to actually do
a the right thing for the wrong
reason namely show them how they can increase profits
by actually dealing more sensibly
with energy problems and so this is the result of
maybe fifteen to twenty years worth of work of the
Rocky Mountain Institute it's a masterpiece
and I think everybody
will find it really interesting
originally I was going to talk about that then thinking
might be more interesting to talk about why nobody pays any attention
to this
so
this is always a problem this is
one of my favorite shots because
every
once in a while they get Spock to do this because
Mary's supposed to be beyond cool
being an alien creature and non-human
but he had a human part and
his human part was generally
reflected by enormous emotions
when they were finally boiled over and
okay here's if if we had
more time it's
always instructor to spend 20
minutes or so just delving into what's
wrong with our own brains yes and this won't
work thank you so much for reading it though so
this is the thing that would be handed out however
if you have something it has text in front
of you make that the the
dot and the plus about the width of your eyes
so you know maybe two
three inches you can try it right now it's not going
to bother me if you do it and the
trick of it is is to keep the thing on the desk
and you just move
into it holding focus and
then what you'll see is something like this
and
I'll show you why the dot goes away when
you move in about 9 inches away for
most people see
it somebody do it and but
here's what's cool
there's no blank spot
that dot went away but
there's still some text their
text that you couldn't see when
the spot was there so
that's what's interesting about the blind spot experiment
and here's the way it works in fact we were just talking about eyes
a couple of seconds ago and
so if anybody
here is looking for arguments in favor of evolution
here's one if
you want to exhibit a well-designed biological
I you can't look at us you
have to look at the squid squids have
cephalopods in general have fantastic
eyes but if you look at our I
somehow the blood vessels are actually
in front of the cells
that detect light rather than behind them
as own squid and so
we're when we see something with our eyewear actually the
image is actually occluded all
over the place by all these blood vessels
why can't we see the blood vessels well because
we're filtering them out thus
losing acuity and the place
where the blood vessels
come from the outside into the eye has no
light sensitive cells at all so
if you can get an image there like the dot then
you can't see it there's
nothing there to sense it and
this other part here which you can't
see very well on the projector is about
two and a half two
by three degrees wide which is about the size of a normal
english word
and it is where almost all of the
of your eye isn't this is why the eye moves this is what
i was asking that guy about because he's trying to track
yeah well why is the eye moving at all we've
got a retina that we
could image the entire thing and the problem is is that virtually
all of the acuity in the eye is in there
and we are almost legally blind right outside
of it and we are legally blind just shortly
outside of it so almost all of our peripheral vision
is legally blind so
Northrop Grumman no I'm sorry
McDonnell Douglas did a head-mounted display years
ago in which they tracked your eyeball hasn't
moved and they put a million pixels which is
easy to do today right in the fovea and the
result is instead of seeing an
x vga display like we usually see it
what you see is no pixels at all because
there's about a million sensors
in there and you can give
the illusion of a
perfect but but I'm digressing
so here's what happened
as you move in you're concentrating
on the plus at some point you get close enough so
that the angle places the dot over
where the blood vessels come in and it goes away
so the disappearance is easily
explained but the problem is where did that other text come
from that's a trickier thing
to understand and here's the way it works our
brain is a bit like a pachinko
machine that's fun because
there's lots of pachinko machines in Japan you ever
seen them that's you know the ball goes in and it goes all
over the place and it's very fun makes lots of noise and
so it's sort of a vertical jukebox
a vertical pinball
so we've got a brain and
a sensor something comes in it gets
the visual thing there are about 30 different
places where the image is
split up and sent for
various kinds of processing some of it gets
to our consciousness but
if you excise the part
of us that recognizes that we're seeing images we
think we're blind but actually but the other parts
of the brain are still seeing the image and you can
do things without being consciously aware that you're the
parts of your brain are seeing things and
then
there are some so we can think of this is kind
of a hardware map and
then there's kind of software
and database thing
which I'm going to call the
ghost and the ghost
is all the things that you believe in
all the things that allow you to
navigate around the world that
allow
decide something as reasonable and unreasonable
some of these are our built-in
by your genes
some of them are learn in your
culture but you learn them because things are built
in and your genes and
so this big pink manifestation
of things you just think of as our beliefs and
we're not aware of this because our
nervous system is set up to look for differences
and the most important thing
about us as human beings is not what we think
we're seeing but all the stuff that has been
suppressed in order to look at what's
different in other words we're interested in
news rather than what
and then there's the dream which is what's
happening right now this dream is about
maybe
an eighth of a second to a third of a second
lagging behind our experience why it's hard
to hit a baseball anybody who's
anybody here tried to hit a fastball
when do you start swinging
yeah yep you
have to really kind of make a commitment to what
it is maybe you can see a little hole in it that
indicates it's a curve or a slider but
basically
because it takes a while for things to go through this pachinko
machine you can't wait same
thing when you're a musician you just don't
ever follow anybody else when you're a musician you have to
play what happens is when multiple musicians
are playing together they adjust themselves
but if you wait to
make a decision about what's going on you're too late
right so you're basically casting ahead
trying to get your synchronization ahead and so
what this is the thing that's hard for people to accept
but just as we have
dreams at night which are entirely manifested
with our eyes closed some
them could be very realistic it's that mechanism that
allows us to deal with what's going on right now in
other words we're not seeing what's there we're
seeing our interpretation of what's there
and a lot of these are in terms
tories as we'll see in a second or two and
we have the great misfortune
as a species to call this dream reality
now what if it were a reality
we would have very little to argue with anybody
about and especially between cultures religions
couldn't be further away from reality
and enormous
numbers of lives have been lost over thousands of years by
people deciding what they have is reality and
what everybody else has is bullshit
the truth is we all that pink
stuff in our brain is technical word for
it is bullshit that is what we have between
our ears and getting it out
front in a way that we can deal we
can't get rid of it but we least have to
acknowledge it so
here's a fun one another
one you can do well take
two oranges to apples to quarters
if you want to be precise you can
put them on a mirror on a ruler
so one is exactly twice as far away than the other
by geometry and
by what Descartes did
was actually took an ox I from
a dead ox and peeled off
the sclera on the back of
the eye so he could have the ox I
look at things like a camera and he
would see the upside down images the oxide
because he was interested in whether first oxide
worked the way ours did because they had similar
structure he was also interested in to as to whether
Biological lenses work the way glass
lenses did in the early
17th century and yes and yes and
the interesting thing is that people noticed is
that wow I can prove by geometry what's
going to go on the on the retina and I can see it
that twice
as far away quarter is half the size on the retina but
what do we see when we do this
well we got the same process
half the size and the retina the pachinko
machine go up to the dream the
dream knows these quarters are the same size noses
the oranges are the same size right
knows the apples are the same size
and here's what you actually see
I mean this is the ghost did the dream you
see the farther way quarter
is about 80% the size of the
nearer one instead of half the size and
that is because your beliefs
in reality are
trumping what's actually coming into
your eye this is why it's so difficult to learn
paint should be able to do it right it's right there
but in fact i order to paint you have to defeat
all of these mechanisms including
some deeper ones in order to get at what the primary
sense data this is also why science was
invented so late if you think about this as
a larger metaphor for everything it
says that until you actually get
the realization that what's between our ears is
bullshit you can never invent science because you
never even pay your like the Frog with the Flies you never pay attention
to what's actually around
you you only pay attention so McLuhan
great line is usually said until I believe it I
can't see it that's definitely true of
the Frog and it is actually much more true of us
than any of us would like to admit
and
one last one I just
love these this is Roger Shepard at Stanford and
here's what's cool about this
the
shape the exact shape
and size of the two tabletops is exactly
the same and if
you look at it hard to believe right
this one looks kind of long and
skinny this one looks kind of fat and
again if we had more time we'd actually do this with physical
things so you couldn't claim I was cheating but
and so
I take a top off bingo
still can't see
it right I've done this a thousand times it's
one of my favorite things to show an audience you
can watch it over and over again and it doesn't matter
you cannot learn how to see
this is why it's hard to draw in perspective ok
I'll hollow it out so we'll just have an outline
here so now you can see
bingo
now
this is what so and how do I know this is
because I made the second table from the first I
didn't
make two tables i took i made this one and
then I took this shape from it
and rotated it and made this
that's why it fits so well because they are exactly
the same and you can do it over and over again with
your hands tough beans
so these are just simple things and
why do I want to get you to accept for the rest of
the the talk is just provisionally the idea is that hey
the world isn't what it seems
it just isn't
and what puck bent here is
it's not that we're just
easily fooled it's part of us to want
to be fooled it's part of being a human being this is why
we like stories my wife has a writer and
one of her favorite books
about writing is has a title
telling lies for fun and profit
Talmud
we see things not as they are but as we
are I give anything to know what happened
to the person who said that right because
if you take it to its ultimate conclusion it's
deadly for most dogmatic
religions bingo
and here's McLuhan again okay
so right Francis
Bacon sum this up
in 1610 by saying we've got four
things that are killing us that we idolize
intrinsic to humans one
is what's genetically wrong with us
what things we make up inside
of our head because
this thing is computing all the time and the
simple difference between paranoia and what
we call normal which is slight paranoia is
the what we call paranoid
delusions are simply a person
who is putting much more credence on their internal deductions
than on evidence and there are
all gradations for this
marketplace
what's wrong with language the
way language abstracts
things and
the what he calls the
theater which we might call academia today
fact
Jonathan Smith the guy who wrote Gulliver's
Travels was the Dean of
University in Dublin and he
called his professors the confederacy